Ion channels are normally found throughout the body and they usually facilitate the diffusion of ions across cell membrane in various tissues which is researched by essay on essay on why I want to be a nurse. The ligand-gated ion channels can be considered as integral membrane proteins that usually contain a pore which allows the regulated flow of some ions across the plasma membrane. The ion flux is usually considered passive where it is driven by the electrochemical gradient of the ions that are permanent.

The binding of a neurotransmitter to an orthosteric site usually opens the channels and which results in the conducting state. The binding of the exogenous or endogenous modulators to the allosteric sites facilitates the modulation of gating. Based on the process, the ligand-gated ion channels usually mediate fast synaptic transmission that occurs in a millisecond time scale at the neuromuscular junction of the nervous system.

On the other hand, the voltage gated channels usually comprise proteins that have the potential for responding to the changes in membrane potential that are small or even based on how charge is distributed across the phospholipid bilayer. In order for the voltage gated protein to function, they must also be in a position for sensing the difference in charge across the cell membrane. Voltage gated ions usually contain intrinsic voltage sensors where they are closed at the resting membrane potential but usually open upon the depolarization of the membrane.

These channels usually detect the changes in the electric potential across the membrane through a domain that is usually responsible for sensing the voltage. The voltage sensor usually spans the membrane and is therefore exposed to the electric field that is across the phospholipid bi-layer. Therefore, charged residues in the sensor usually move in response to the changes in membrane potential and therefore trigger conformational changes of the channel.

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